Study of the emotional adjustment of the caregiver-patient dyad to bronchial asthma in adolescence.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchial asthma-related factors on the emotional well-being of adolescents with bronchial asthma and their primary caregivers. BACKGROUND: Bronchial asthma is a common chronic disease in childhood and adolescence that can have a psychological impact on both patients and their primary caregivers. METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional design and included 150 patient-caregiver dyads diagnosed with bronchial asthma, aged between 12 and 16 years and collected between 2018 and 2020. It assessed the emotional adjustment of both patients and caregivers and recorded variables related to the disease. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to perform statistical analyses. RESULTS: Caregivers had higher anxiety and depression scores than patients. Good adherence to treatment was necessary for the emotional adjustment of the dyad. Controlled asthma, good adherence to treatment and a reduction in medical treatment were the primary predictors of emotional adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the importance of assessing anxiety and depression levels in both patients and caregivers because the presence of these symptoms can lead to the misuse of medication, inadequate inhalation techniques, the omission of medication and reduced confidence in controlling asthma symptoms.

Mental health, suicide risk and the important role of self-esteem in Adolescents before and during coexistence with COVID-19 in Ecuador

Introduction/Objectives: COVID-19 has had a significant emotional impact on people's lives, especially adolescents. Therefore, the aim was to assess the predictors of suicide risk during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in Ecuador by means of a longitudinal study. Method: The application of a longitudinal design with two measures: before the start of the pandemic and one year afterwards. The sample consisted of 137 adolescents between 12-18 years of age. The variables analysed were mental health, the risk of suicide and self-esteem. Statistical analyses were performed using mean comparison, correlations, QCA models and mediation models. Results: The results indicated higher levels of anxiety and stress after one year of the pandemic. In addition, a higher risk of suicide following the pandemic was observed in those adolescents with higher scores in emotional symptomatology and low self-esteem. QCA models and mediation models highlighted the importance of self-esteem as a protective variable between pre-COVID-19 suicide risk and emotional symptomatology and post-COVID-19 suicide risk. Conclusions: This study highlights adolescents' level of vulnerability to the pandemic and its significant psychological impact. It is important to detect which factors function as risks and which as protection against COVID-19 in order to implement intervention programmes that target these aspects and ensure better adolescent well-being.

Introducción/Objetivos: La COVID-19 tuvo un impacto emocional en la vida de las personas, especialmente en la adolescencia. El objetivo fue evaluar los predictores de riesgo de suicidio en adolescentes en Ecuador por medio de un estudio longitudinal. Método: Se trata de un diseño longitudinal con dos medidas: antes del inicio de la pandemia y un año después. La muestra fue de 137 adolescentes entre 12 y 18 años. Las variables analizadas fueron la salud mental, el riesgo de suicidio y la autoestima. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron mediante comparación de medias, correlaciones, modelos QCA y modelos de mediación. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron mayores niveles de ansiedad y estrés después de un año de la pandemia. Se observó un mayor riesgo de suicidio tras la pandemia en aquellos adolescentes con puntuaciones más altas en sintomatología emocional y baja autoestima. Los modelos QCA y los modelos de mediación destacaron la importancia de la autoestima como variable protectora en el riesgo postsuicidio. Conclusiones: Este estudio pone de manifiesto el nivel de vulnerabilidad de los adolescentes ante la pandemia y su importante impacto psicológico. Es importante detectar qué factores funcionan como riesgos y cuáles como protección frente al COVID-19 para implementar programas de intervención.

Overburden in Caregivers of Chronically Ill Adolescents: A Comparative Study between Pulmonological and Endocrinological Diseases.

Chronic pediatric disease has a major impact on the life of a child and his or her family. In this sense, the figure of the main caregiver is relevant, who may present adjustment difficulties before the disease, accompanied by high levels of stress and emotional discomfort, which interfere with the adolescent's adjustment before the new situation. The aim of this research was to carry out a comparative study among caregivers of adolescents with various diseases, analyzing the risk and protective factors for the stress presented by this population. For this purpose, a sample of 406 main caregivers of adolescents with an endocrinological or pneumological disease from different hospitals in Valencia was used, where characteristics related to the disease, attachment, type of family, and emotional distress of these caregivers were considered. In general, the results show higher levels of stress in caregivers of adolescents with an endocrinological disease, specifically DM1, and found significant predictors of anxiety-depressive symptomatology, the need for approval, and several variables related to the disease. These data reveal the importance of providing comprehensive care to the family system, offering health skills to overcome diseases, and reinforcing the protective factors offered by the family system.

Quality of life in patients with asthma: Medical indicators and psychological variables.

BACKGROUND: Quality of life (QoL) is a widely studied term concerning asthma because it allows the impact of the disease on the patient's life to be assessed through the patient's perception. The study aims to analyze which asthma-related, psychological, and family variables affect the QoL of adolescents with asthma. DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional design involves 150 patients diagnosed with asthma aged between 12 and 16 years. The patients' emotional symptomatology, the threat of illness, self-esteem, bonds, quality of life, family, and disease variables were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using QCA models. RESULTS: The results indicate that girls have a poorer QoL, and age is negatively associated. QCA models found that the variables that best explained the quality of life of these patients, in the case of the medical indicators, were control, good compliance, shorter diagnosis times, and improvement. Regarding psychological variables: a lower threat of illness, less emotional distress, and better parental mood explained the high QoL. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Adolescent QoL is affected by variables related to their asthma that are beyond their control and other psychological and family variables that may increase the perception of their QoL.

Compassion in Spanish-speaking health care: A systematic review.

Altought compassionate care is an important factor in health care, remains an unmet need in patients. The studies have been carried out in Anglo-Saxon countries with cultural environments and health systems that are very different from Spanish-speaking contexts. The aim of this study to understand the conceptual, evaluation and clinical application nuances of compassion and compassionate care in Spanish-speaking health care settings, through a systematic review. A search of the scientific literature was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines in ProQuest Central, PubMed and Web Of Science, resulting in 295 studies, of which 27 were selected, based on the following inclusion criteria: the article studied or analyzed the construct of compassion in healthcare setting and the participants were Spanish speakers or the authors spoke of the construct in Spanish. Two blinded evaluators performed the study selection process using the Covidence tool. The agreement between evaluators was in all cases satisfactory. Different definitions of the construct have been identified, that they generally share: the recognition of suffering and the attempt to alleviate it. There are few studies that focus solely on the analysis of compassion, since other concepts appear that are associated with it, such as empathy and self-compassion. Further research is needed to obtain a better and greater understanding of compassionate care adapted to the perceptions of patients and health professionals in different socio-cultural contexts. In this way, instruments that measure compassionate care can be better developed and adjusted, and interventions aimed at promoting compassion can be properly assessed.

Family styles and quality of life in adolescents with bronchial asthma: The important role of self-esteem and perceived threat of the disease.

OBJECTIVES: Analyze the relationship between family styles and quality of life (QoL) in adolescents with bronchial asthma and study the influence of self-esteem as a protective factor and threat perception as a risk factor. METHODS: Family styles, QoL, perceived threat of the disease, and self-esteem were assessed in a total of 150 adolescents diagnosed with bronchial asthma with ages ranging from 12 to 16 years (M = 13.28; SD = 1.29), 60.7% being male. Descriptive statistics and mean comparisons were conducted according to the level of self-esteem. Relationships between variables were also studied using Pearson's correlations, and finally, the mediating role of self-esteem and the perceived threat of the disease was assessed using PROCESS. RESULTS: Adolescents shown healthy family characteristics (high scores on affect and parental mood and low scores on psychological control) and high scores on QoL. Thirty-five percent of adolescents showed low self-esteem and a tendency to underestimate the disease. There are existing relationships between family styles and QoL; thus, healthy family characteristics (affection, parental mood, autonomy promotion) were positively associated with QoL, while psychological control was negatively associated with QoL. Disease threat and self-esteem mediated the relationship between family styles and adolescent QoL. Disease threat was negatively, and self-esteem was positively associated with QoL. CONCLUSIONS: Self-esteem and family support are protective factors for the well-being of adolescents with bronchial asthma; however, the high perceived threat of the disease can have negative consequences for the adolescent's health and negatively impact their QoL.

Personal and family factors for emotional distress in adolescents with chronic disease.

Introduction: Physical and psychological comorbidity is a challenge for public health, especially in the adolescent stage due to the difficulties of this age. The salutogenic perspective emphasizes general psychological resources such as self-esteem but also highlights the role of contextual factors such as family members in promoting health. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to analyze the joint influence of demographic factors (sex, age and type of chronic disease), personal factors (self-esteem and perception of threat of the disease) and family factors (affection and communication, psychological and behavioral control) of risk of emotional distress (anxiety-depressive symptoms) in chronically ill adolescents. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional design with 495 adolescents with chronic disease aged 12-16 years. In order to obtain the results, a linear methodology was used to compare means and perform regressions to predict belonging to the anxiety and depression typologies. Four typologies were constructed: typology I (high anxiety and depression scores); typology II (high anxiety and low depression scores); typology III (low anxiety and high depression scores) and typology IV (low anxiety and depression scores). Results: The results were consistent with the salutugenic theory. Potential mediating or moderating roles of age, sex, self-esteem, perceived threat and psychological and behavioral control marked the differences between the typologies. Discussion: This population could benefit from interventions focused on family flexibility.

Perceived Stress in the Primary Caregivers of Adolescents with Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aims to determine the impact of the disease on the perceived stress levels of caregivers of adolescents with asthma. A total of 140 primary caregivers, whose mean age was 45.43 years (SD = 5.03), of whom 85% were mothers, were assessed using the perceived stress questionnaire (PIP), and medical indicators related to asthma were recorded. Mean comparisons, correlations, and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) models were used. The results indicated moderate levels of perceived stress in caregivers, no kinship differences were found, and age was negatively associated with perceived stress. QCA models suggested that perceived stress could be explained by a higher frequency of visits, poorer adherence, more frequent daily medication doses, and higher severity of asthma. In conclusion, the development of psychological interventions addressing the subjective overload of the family caregiver may benefit them, increasing their well-being, and in turn help to manage the emotional difficulties of adolescents.

Quality of life in cancer survivorship: Sociodemographic and disease-related moderators.

RATIONALE: To identify high-risk survivors in order to provide appropriate care. PURPOSE: To analyse the quality of life (QOL) of cancer survivors using an instrument designed specifically for this population and considering different sociodemographic and disease-related characteristics as possible modulating variables. METHODS: The Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors (QLACS) was filled out by a large and heterogeneous sample of disease-free post-treatment Spanish cancer survivors (N = 1862). RESULTS: QLACS scores were comparable to those obtained in other studies and indicative of worse QOL as a function of shorter elapsed time since the end of primary treatment. The best QOL was shown by prostate, and the worst by hematologic cancer survivors. Both systemic treatments (chemotherapy and hormone therapy) and the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were associated with worse QOL. Likewise, younger age, female sex, unemployment status and not having a stable partner were associated with worse QOL. CONCLUSION: Greater understanding of the QOL experienced by the already large and continuously growing population of cancer survivors is relevant for guiding both clinical practice and health policy. In addition, knowing the risk factors associated with worse QOL facilitates the development of targeted prevention programmes for those survivors who need it the most.

Psychological Intervention in Women Victims of Childhood Sexual Abuse: An Open Study-Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing EMDR Psychotherapy and Trauma-Based Cognitive Therapy.

INTRODUCTION: Most victims of sexual abuse have symptoms that may lead to post-traumatic stress disorder. This study aims to offer evidence-based psychological treatment to women who have been sexually abused earlier in life and currently have sequelae from that trauma. With this treatment, each of the women in the study will hopefully improve their overall quality of life and, more specifically, it is expected that post-traumatic stress symptoms will decrease, as found in recent studies, as well as strengthening their security, confidence, and coping with the situations they have experienced. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The effect of two therapeutic approaches focused on the improvement of trauma will be evaluated in a sample of 30-50 women victims of childhood sexual abuse, with a randomized clinical trial comparing EMDR psychotherapy and trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy. According to the literature reviewed, both approaches will considerably improve self-esteem when the appropriate number of sessions are conducted, significantly reducing general psychiatric symptoms and depression. Furthermore, the effects are sustained over time. It should be noted that this study will be carried out comparing both therapies, analyzing both the differential benefit of each and the cumulative effect of receiving both treatments and in which order. It is also intended to demonstrate that implementing the protocols presented in this study will help improve the quality of life of the women who benefit from them, and after this study, it will be possible to replicate this program in other people with the same problems. Each of the therapeutic benefits of each of them will be analyzed, and clinical and logistical guidance will be provided to implement both, including a session-by-session protocol.

Emotional Impact in Adolescents in Ecuador Six Months after the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the emotional health of adolescents, especially those with low resilience and life satisfaction. The aim is to analyze the predictors of anxiety, depression, and stress among adolescents in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic.Participants were 586 adolescents from Ecuador aged between 12-18 years (M = 15.30; SD = 1.28). Satisfaction, resilience, anxiety, depression, stress and worries about COVID-19 were assessed. Structural equation models (SEM) and models based on qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) were performed. The results indicate that worries are associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. However, higher physical health worries are associated with lower emotional distress. SEM models indicate that life satisfaction is negatively associated with emotional distress. In QCA models, emotional distress is explained by high worries, low resilience, and life satisfaction. Life satisfaction plays a mediating role in emotional distress.In conclusion, adolescents are one of the groups particularly vulnerable to this situation of restriction created by COVID-19. It is necessary to detect signs of risk and protection in emotional adjustment, especially life satisfaction, that appears like principal damper variable.

Do COVID-19 Worries, Resilience and Emotional Distress Influence Life Satisfaction? Outcomes in Adolescents in Ecuador during the Pandemic: SEM vs. QCA

COVID-19 and the measures adopted have been a problem for society at all levels. The aim of the study was to analyze the main predictors of life satisfaction among adolescents in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 902 adolescents from Ecuador aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 15.30; SD = 1.28). Variables such as life satisfaction, resilience, emotional symptomatology, and worries about COVID-19 were assessed. Two statistical methodologies were compared (structural equation models (SEM) and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA)) to analyze the possible influence of worries about COVID-19, resilience and emotional symptomatology towards life satisfaction. The results indicated that in both models, worries about COVID-19 were negatively related to life satisfaction. However, having a greater worry, specifically for physical health issues, was associated with better life satisfaction. SEM models indicate that depression is negatively related to life satisfaction. In QCA models, high levels of life satisfaction are explained by low levels of anxiety and depression. Thus, resilience seems to play a mediating role in life satisfaction, although this is only true for the depression variable. It is necessary to detect signs of risk in this population and strengthen resilience in them as elements that can facilitate their adequate coping with their adverse situation.

10Vida: A Mental and Physical Health Intervention for Chronically Ill Adolescents and Their Caregivers in the Hospital Setting: An Open Study.

Suffering from a chronic disease (CD) in adolescence can significantly impact the emotional health of adolescents and their families. MHealth can be a useful tool for these groups. However, few intervention programmes include the family system. The aim is to design an intervention programme (10Vida) for a paediatric population with a CD, and their families, to improve their adaptation to the disease. The study is a quasi-experimental repeated measures design in a open study, where the patients themselves, and their families, are their own control group. Participants will receive an intervention of seven individual sessions: five sessions with each patient, and two sessions with their caregivers. In the case of the patients, the aim is to improve their emotional state, their self-esteem, and their emotional competencies, reducing their perceived threat of illness. Furthermore, in the case of the caregivers, the aim is to improve their emotional state and reduce their burden. Indirectly, working with caregivers and those being cared for will improve family ties. The pilot study will involve 25 to 30 chronically ill adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years and their primary caregivers. Following the results, the necessary modifications will be included, and the programme will be offered to adolescents and their families who are willing to participate.

Psychological aspects of pre-adolescents or adolescents with precocious puberty: A systematic review.

PROBLEM: Precocious puberty (PP) is an illness that appears when puberty, begins some years earlier than usual, provoking inferences in preadolescents and adolescents and their families. Therefore, the aim is to analyze if psychological consequences can be observed in groups of preadolescents or adolescents with PP. METHOD: A bibliographic search of the scientific literature was made following the PRISMA guide in the following databases: ProQuest, Psychinfo, Web Of Science, and Scopus. 592 studies were found, were uploaded to Covidence to make a screening, of which finally 6 were included for the revision according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two independent evaluators made the search, selection, data extraction and quality evaluation of studies independently. The agreement degree between both was excellent in all of the cases. RESULTS: 211 preadolescents participated in total in all studies, of which 99 were preadolescents with PP, with a mean age of 8,94 years old. Studies evaluated so heterogeneous variables, such as psychopathology, self-image, neuropsychological and cognitive variables, and reasons to delay or stop PP. The quality of studies was moderated especially due to the low quality of the studies design, which were mostly transversal, and the representativity of the sample, being selected by convenience. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: More research is needed to evaluate the psychological consequences of the PP diagnosis in pediatrics, and its protection factors, because none of the studies approached this question. We consider that it is necessary to increment the quality of these studies, and that these take a biopsychosocial perspective.

Does psychological therapy improve the mental health of people with borderline personality disorder and substance abuse disorder? / ¿Mejora la terapia psicológica la salud mental de las personas con trastorno límite de la personalidad y trastorno por abuso de sustancias? Una revisión sistemática

Abstract Introduction: People with comorbid borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance abuse disorder (SUD) show great affectation and poorer treatment outcomes. Objective: The aim was to examine useful psychological treatments for people with co-morbid BPD and SUD. Method: The Cochrane Library, ISOC, Psychodoc, ProQuest Central, Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were consulted using a systematic literature review following PRISMA standards. A 185 articles were obtained, of which 12 were selected taking into account the inclusion criteria. The process was carried out by two independent evaluators and the level of agreement was excellent. Results: there are a variety of therapeutic options that, in general, improve the symptoms associated with BPD but not with SUD. Conclusion: more research is needed to evaluate the usefulness of psychological therapies in these patients.

Resumen Introducción: Las personas con trastorno límite de la personalidad (TLP) y trastorno por uso y abuso de sustancias (TUS) muestran una gran afectación emocional y peores resultados en el tratamiento psicológico. Objetivo: El objetivo fue examinar los tratamientos psicológicos útiles para las personas con TLP y TUS. Método: Se consultaron las bases de datos Cochrane Library, ISOC, Psychodoc, ProQuest Central, Pubmed, Web of Science y Scopus mediante una revisión bibliográfica sistemática siguiendo las normas PRISMA. Se obtuvieron 185 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 12 teniendo en cuenta los criterios de inclusión. El proceso fue realizado por dos evaluadoras independientes y el nivel de acuerdo fue excelente. Resultados: existe una variedad de opciones terapéuticas que, en general, mejoran los síntomas asociados al TLP pero no al TUS. Conclusión: se necesita más investigación para evaluar la utilidad de las terapias psicológicas en estos pacientes.

Impacto emocional y resiliencia en adolescentes de España y Ecuador durante la COVID-19: estudio transcultural / Emotional impact and resilience in adolescents in Spain and Ecuador during COVID-19: A cross-cultural study

La pandemia de la COVID-19 está impactando en la salud emocional de los adolescentes. Factores como la resiliencia pueden amortiguar este importante impacto sobre su bienestar. Nuestro objetivo fue estudiar la asociación entre la sintomatología ansioso-depresiva y la resiliencia en adolescentesde España y Ecuador, y comparar las diferencias existentes entre ambas muestras. Participaron 476 adolescentes (70,10 % mujeres) entre 9 y 18 años(M = 15,62; DT = 1,22), distribuidos por igual entre ambos países. Se evaluaron mediante la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés y la Escala deResiliencia. Realizamos análisis descriptivos, pruebas t para muestras independientes, cálculo del tamaño del efecto y correlaciones de Pearson. Losresultados evidenciaron que el perfil de ajuste adaptativo ante la pandemia fue: ser chico, no haber presentado un evento vital estresante, no tenerproblemas de salud física ni psicológica previos y residir en España. Mientras que el perfil de riesgo ante la pandemia fue: ser chica, presentar un eventovital estresante, tener algún tipo de problema de salud física y psicológica previo y residir en Ecuador. Nuestros datos señalan la importancia de detectar las necesidades específicas de los adolescentes en función de su contexto socioeconómico y cultural, para poder poner en marcha intervencionesdestinadas a proteger su salud mental durante la pandemia. (AU)

The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting the emotional health of adolescents. Factors such as resilience can buffer this important impact on their well-being. Our aim was to studythe association between anxious-depressive symptomatology and resilience in adolescents from Spain and Mexico, and to compare the differencesbetween the two samples. A total of 476 adolescents (70.10 % female) aged 9-18 years (M = 15.62; SD = 1.22), equally distributed between thetwo countries, participated in the study. They were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and the Resilience Scale. We conducted descriptive analyses, independent samples t-tests, effect size calculation and Pearson correlations. The results showed that the profile of adaptiveadjustment to the pandemic was: being a male, not having experienced a stressful life event, not having previous physical or psychological healthproblems and residing in Spain. While the risk profile for the pandemic was: being a female, having a stressful life event, having some type of previousphysical and psychological health problem, and residing in Ecuador. Our data point to the importance of detecting the specific needs of adolescentsaccording to their socio-economic and cultural context in order to implement interventions to protect their mental health during the pandemic. (AU)

Benefits of a support programme for family caregivers of patients at the end of life: A randomised controlled trial.

This study aims to analyse the impact that a psychological intervention programme has on the emotional state of family caregivers of patients at the end of life. The study is longitudinal with two arms (control and experimental). Data was collected from 154 primary family caregivers of patients at the end of life as well as from their respective 154 care-recipients. The intervention programme has shown its effectiveness in reducing anxiety, emotional distress and burden in the family caregivers of end-of-life patients. A reduction of anxiety of patients whose family caregivers participated in the intervention was also observed.

Predicting health-related quality of life in Spanish adolescents with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma.

This study analyzed the predictive power of sociodemographic (age, sex) and medical variables (months since diagnosis and in treatment, immunotherapy, number of environmental allergens, food allergies or atopic dermatitistypes) on the quality of life of patients with rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma, using models based on comparative qualitative fuzzy analysis to compare them according to the pathology(s).Retrospective cross-sectional design.Sixty-four adolescents (65.60% boys) diagnosed with rhinoconjunctivitis and/or bronchial asthma aged between 12 and 16 years old (M= 14.02; SD = 1.45).The data were collected between February 2019 and January 2020 using the Brief Disease Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), the Adolescent Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (AdolRQoLQ) and the Respiratory Disease Questionnaire Self-administered and Standardized Chronicle (CRQ-SAS). Qualitative comparative analysis models (QCA) were used.In the QCA models, the various combinations indicated that the variables that predicted a higher quality of life for both rhinocojuntivitis symptoms and respiratory symptoms were receiving longer-term immunotherapy and a perceived lower threat of the disease. The consistencies of the models vary between 23-29%. In conclusion, the patients' QoL was explained by the presence of longer-term immunotherapy and a less threatening perception of the disease.Therefore, early multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment is important.

Duelo complicado por la muerte de un hijo: presentación de un caso / Complicated grief over the death of a child: presentation of a case

Resumen La pérdida de un ser querido por suicidio puede ser uno de los eventos más estresantes de la vida. Los factores de riesgo y protección asociados a cada caso pueden favorecer o dificultar el procesamiento de la pérdida. Se presenta un caso de trastorno de duelo complejo persistente en el que se aplica el Protocolo Mindfulness para la Aceptación del Dolor, las Emociones y el Duelo. La paciente mejora tras la intervención, observándose que ya no puntúa en trastorno de duelo complejo persistente, ni sintomatologia ansiosa de forma significativa, ha disminuido su afecto negativo y aumentado su autocompasión, afecto positivo y bienestar psicológico. Concluimos que se hace necesaria una evaluación integral desde el sistema sanitario para poder atender a los pacientes que presenten trastorno de duelo complejo persistente de manera multidisciplinar. La intervención psicológica puede disminuir los costes económicos, sanitarios y personales. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(3): 85-92.

Abstract The loss of a loved one by suicide can be one of life's most stressful events. The risk and protective factors associated with each case may make it easier or harder to process the loss. Here we present a case of persistent complex grief disorder in which the Mindfuness Protocol for Acceptance of Grief, Emotions, and Bereavement is applied. The patient improves after the intervention, being observed that she no longer scores in persistent complex grief disorder, nor anxious symptoms in a significant way, her negative affect has decreased, and her grief, positive affect and psychological well-being have increased. We conclude that a comprehensive evaluation from the health system is necessary in order to attend patients with persistent complex mourning disorder in a multidisciplinary way. Psychological intervention can reduce economic, health and personal costs. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(3): 85-92.

Is mHealth a useful therapy for improving physical or emotional health in adolescents with cystic fibrosis? A systematic review.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare disease that severely compromises health and interferes with the lives of those who suffer from it and is especially challenging in adolescence. The use of tools such as MHealth may benefit the physical and psychological health of adolescents with CF. Therefore, this study aims to examine the benefits of MHealth in adolescents with CF through a systematic review. A search of the scientific literature following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted in the ProQuest Central, PubMed, Web Of Science, Embase and ínDICE databases, resulting in 186 studies, of which seven were selected (based on inclusion and exclusion criteria). Two blinded evaluators conducted the searches, the selection and data extraction process and the quality evaluation of the studies. The agreement between evaluators was excellent in all cases (Kappa ranged from .78 to .96). 214 pediatric CF patients (61.71% female) participated in the final analysis. The mean age was 12.76 years. The studies evaluated different types of mHealth tools, with greater homogeneity in the independent and dependent variables. The quality of the studies analyzed was poor, since these had small samples selected for convenience, conducted non-experimental and low-quality designs, recorded few variables, and their statistical analyses were not sufficiently robust. Further research is needed in this field, improving research designs and considering physical and psychological adjustment variables, as well as patients and family members in the process of health improvement.